Reforms in the Electric Power and Natural Gas Sector
On July 7, 2025, the Government of Argentina issued Decrees 450/2025, 451/2025, and 452/2025 ("Decree 450," "Decree 451," and "Decree 452"), pursuant to the powers delegated to the Executive Branch by Section 162 of the Foundations Law 27.742 (the "Foundations Law", see our commentary here).
- Decree 450 amends Laws 15,336 and 24.065 -key laws comprising the electric sector’s regulatory framework-. It also sets a 24-month transition period for revising regulations and issuing supplementary rules.
- Decree 451 enacts a revised text of Law 24,076 on Natural Gas (see our commentary here and here).
- Decree 452 establishes the National Regulatory Body for Gas and Electricity (the "Regulatory Body").
A summary of the main aspects of these Decrees is provided below:
1. Transition period
Decree 450 establishes a 24-month transition period to revise applicable regulations and complementary rules in accordance with the objectives of Law 24,065. During this period, the Secretary of Energy ("SE") must adopt regulations to:
- Promote market competition in the hydrocarbon sector, enabling free contracting of fuels by electricity generators and preventing market dominance.
- Ensure effective mechanisms for improving payment collection from electricity distribution utilities.
- Establish remuneration criteria for thermal generation and optimize the procurement of natural gas, LNG, gasoil, and fuel oil.
- Gradually assign energy contracts entered by CAMMESA to distributors and large users of the Wholesale Electricity Market ("WEM").
- Assign fuel contracts entered by CAMMESA.
- Review the “Procedures for Operation Scheduling, Load Dispatch and Price Calculation in the WEM” for potential repeal or replacement.
2. Decree 450
2.1. Amendments to Law 15,336
- Scope expansion: Decree 450 expands the scope of Law 15,336 to include electricity commercialization as a regulated activity.
- Legal nature: Electricity purchase and sale operations are classified as civil and commercial acts, in line with the National Civil and Commercial Code.
- Federal Jurisdiction: Provinces may regulate their local electric systems but must follow federal rules for distribution service providers in the National Interconnection Grid (“NIG”) and the WEM, in line with the objectives established by Law 24,065.
- Local Limitations: Local regulations must not obstruct the federal objective of a unified electricity market or prevent cost transfers in the WEM. Specifically:
- Illegitimate local taxes: Taxes disguised as service fees that are not based on actual services or exceed their cost are restricted.
- Barriers to cost recovery: Local rules cannot:
- Prevent WEM cost pass-through to rates.
- Restrain payment of distributor debts through CAMMESA.
- Undermine the financial sustainability of the electricity market.
- National jurisdiction activities: National concessions remain mandatory for:
- Hydropower facilities exceeding 500 kW.
- Public transport and electricity distribution services.
New rules for hydro concessions include 60-years limits, removal of royalty contributions to the National Electric Energy Fund, end-user choice and free commercialization, and use of private law for water and land rights. Upon expiration of the concession, a public bidding process is mandatory.
- Redefinition of the Federal Electric Energy Council (“FEEC”): The FEEC becomes a technical-advisory body, which is instructed to offer non-binding opinions on national electric system planning, establish the allocation index of the National Electric Energy Fund, and inform the SE about local compliance with Law 24,065 rate principles.Each province and the City of Buenos Aires (“CABA”)will appoint one representative and alternate. Congress may name three representatives for the senators and three deputies.
- Reform of the National Electric Energy Fund (“NEEF”): The NEEF will be composed of a 2% surcharge per kWh on WEM sales, reimbursements with interest from prior loans, and other contributions (e.g., donations).It will be administered by the SE, which will allocate:
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- 19.86% of total revenue to high-voltage transmission works identified by the SE to ensure supply and high quality; and
- 80.14% will be distributed between:
- the Subsidiary Fund for Regional Tariff Compensation (60%) -allocated by the FEEC to provinces adhering to Law 24,065-
- the Special Fund for Electric Development of the Provinces (40%).
Assets from the dissolved Federal Electric Transport Trust Fund will be transferred to the SE for use in these transmission works. Section 31 bis requires that jurisdictions receiving resources from these funds must prove that their distribution service providers comply with Law 24.065 tariff rules and are updated on WEM payments.
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- Reform of the Special Fund for Electric Development of the Interior:
The fund is restructured by eliminating rate surpluses and surcharges imposed by the National Executive in CABA and Greater Buenos Aires and by increasing its share of contributions from the NEEF. The FEEC role in distributing the fund’s revenue is removed and new rules intended to ensure the return of loans are established.
- Powers of the SE: The SE’s role is narrowed to strategic oversight and advisory functions.
- Repealed Provisions: The reform repeals Section 26 and 28 of Law 15,336 -related to the transitional operation of the FEEC-, Sections 45 to 48 -on administrative sanctions, now governed by Law 24,065-, and Law 25,957, which had created the former Federal Electric Transport Trust.
2.2. Amendments to Law 24,065
- Redefinition of Purpose – Updates the general policy objectives of Law 24.065: Law 24.065 is revised to redefine its general objectives, now including:
- Promotion of term PPAs among private parties.
- Rate regulation based on actual supply costs.
- Consumer choice.
- Price quality alignment through economic signals.
- Energy diversification, smart metering, and demand-side tools.
- International electricity trade and regional system integration; and
- System’s financial sustainability.
- New WEM Participants – Adds new roles such as prosumers, marketers, and storage operators: New market actors are introduced into the WEM, including:
- User-generators comprised by the distributed generation regime of Law 27,424; and
- Other participants defined by regulation, including marketers and storage operators.
- Distribution Utility Obligations: Distributors remain responsible for supplying their end-users within their concession area and must now procure at least 75% of their demand from the Corporate PPA market.
- Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity: The Regulatory Body must ensure public disclosure of these certificate applications and hold a public hearing before deciding whether to grant them or not.
- Prevention of anticompetitive practices: Acts involving anticompetitive conduct, including abuse of dominant position and unfair competition are prohibited. The Regulatory Body must intervene to protect users and refer relevant cases to the National Competition Authority, as required by the Foundations Law. It may also adopt measures to safeguard user rights and ensure compliance.
- Essential transmission works not included in existing concessions: The SE, after consulting with CAMMESA, may authorize transmission works not included in current contracts if they are technically and economically essential to the operation of the Argentine Interconnection System ("SADI", for its Spanish acronym). For these purposes:
- The use of resources from the NEEF is authorized.
- The Regulatory Body may include the cost of the expansion in the relevant tariff structure.
- Contracting must be done through open, competitive, and auditable procedures.
- Private initiative for SADI expansions: The National Executive may authorize generators, distributors, and/or large users to build transmission lines or expansions at their own expense, provided that competition in the WEM is not affected. These facilities will not be considered public transmission services, and the National Executive will regulate modalities, technical requirements, use priority, and authorization conditions. Section 31 bis confirms that private SADI transport works may be carried out at the agent’s own risk. Expansion alternatives will be defined by regulation, including projects under Law 17.520 on Public Works Concessions. In this line, Resolution 715/2025 from the Ministry of Economy prioritizes certain transmission works to be executed under this framework (see our comments on these changes here and here).For each project, the regulation will define:
- Technical and economic impact assessments based on CAMMESA’s report-
- Conditions for COD-
- Dispatch priority rules (limited to investment recovery period) and possible assignment to WEM actors-
- Priority dispatch rules for renewable energy in case of curtailment; and
- Compensation mechanisms corresponding to expansion works.
- Simplification of international electricity trade: The SE may authorize electricity imports and exports using efficient, transparent, and competitive mechanisms. It may also reject operations for technical or economic reasons affecting national supply security.
- Corporate PPA Market: Enshrined via new Section 39 bis. WEM-based PPAs are essential to policy goals and demand coverage. Local rules hindering these contracts are prohibited.
- Rate Determination Principles: For distribution rates, WEM electricity acquisition costs will include:
- Spot market purchase prices and the weighted average from term market contracts under SE contracting rules.
- High-voltage transport costs; and
- System services managed by CAMMESA.
Bills must itemize these charges and may not include local taxes or unrelated charges.
- Creation and Functions of the Regulatory Body: Established as national authority under SE, replacing ENRE. Inherits all regulatory powers.
- Amendment to Law 19,552 on Electric Easements: the law is amended to establish administrative easements in favor of national jurisdiction concessionaires, entitle affected property owners to compensation, excluding lost profits, and enable faster proceedings.
3. Decree 451
Decree 451 enacts a consolidated text of Law 24,076, amending the natural gas legal framework to reflect the creation of the new Regulatory Body. The Regulatory Body replaces the National Gas Regulatory Body (“ENARGAS”) in all functions.
4. Decree 452
Decree 452 constitutes the Regulatory Body pursuant to Section 161 of the Foundations Law, consolidating the functions previously held by ENARGAS and ENRE. Operating under the SE, the Regulatory Body must become operational within 180 calendar days of the decree’s publication. It is granted administrative and budgetary autonomy, functional independence, and full legal capacity to act under both public and private law.
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For additional information, please contact Nicolás Eliaschev, Javier Constanzó, Daiana Perrone, Milagros Piñeiro, Macarena Becerra, Rocío Valdez, María Paz Albar Díaz, Victoria Barrueco, Sol Villegas Leiva, and/or Manuel Crespi.
Argentina extends the Emergency in the Energy Sector
On June 2nd, 2025, the Government of Argentina released Decree 370/2025 (“Decree 370”), that extends the emergency of the energy sector previously declared by Decree 55/2023 and extended by Decree 1023/2024 (please see our comments here and here), until July 9th 2026.
Decree 307 is applicable to the segments of power generation, transmission and distribution of electric energy, as well as to transport and distribution of natural gas under federal jurisdiction.
Moreover, Decree 307:
- Extends the transition towards focalized energy subsidies period until July 9th, 2026 for the Secretary of Energy to continue implementing the necessary acts for the implementation of the measure, to advance in the restructuring of the subsidy regime, and to establish the specific mechanisms to assign and collect them by the users.
- Extends the intervention of gas and power regulators –ENRE and ENARGAS– until the new entity established by Foundations Law is constituted or July 9th, 2026, whichever occurs first.
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For additional information, please contact Nicolás Eliaschev, Javier Constanzó, Daiana Perrone, Victoria Barrueco, and/or Manuel Crespi.
New framework for power transmission system expansions
On June 2, 2025, the Ministry of Economy published Resolution 715/2025 (the “Resolution 715”) which defines the execution of certain expansions of the power transmission system as a priority and indicates that such expansions shall be carried out under the terms of the Public Works Concession Law No. 17,520, a legal framework recently amended by the Foundations Law (Ley Bases) with a strong emphasis on bankability, as described here.
This measure is framed within Decree 55/2023 (as extended by Decree 1023/2024), which declared the emergency of the national energy sector (see our comments on these regulations here and here), and takes into account the high risk of electricity shortages and transmission limitations in Argentina’s federal network.
Resolution 715 establishes that the Secretary of Energy (“SE”) shall approve regulations to include public works concessions within the alternatives for transmission system expansions. Such regulations shall include, among others, that the contractor may finance the expansions by means of a monthly payment to be funded by a rate collected from end-users of the service identified as beneficiaries, as well as that the operation and maintenance of the expansion shall be done by the concessionaire, acting as an Independent Transmission Carrier.
As a result, public works concessions will become a new mechanism for carrying out expansions of the transmission system through private investment and financing. This is a significant measure aimed not only to address the current situation of the system, but also to enable and remove barriers to other industries and projects that are currently limited by the lack of transmission capacity.
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For additional information, please contact: Nicolás Eliaschev, Javier Constanzó, Daiana Perrone, Milagros Piñeiro, Macarena Becerra, María Paz Albar Díaz, Rocío Valdez, Victoria Barrueco, Sol Villegas Leiva, and/or Manuel Crespi.
Privatization of Energía Argentina S.A. – Sale of shares in CITELEC
On April 25, 2025, Decree No. 286/2025 (“Decree 286”) was published in the Official Gazette, authorizing the full privatization of Energía Argentina S.A. (“EA”) and the sale of its equity interest in CITELEC.
Decree 286 foresees that EA will be privatized in stages, through the separation of the activities and assets of its different business units, ensuring that the performance of services and works currently under EA’s scope is not interrupted.
Thus, with the approval of the sale of EA’s shares in CITELEC, the first stage of EA’s privatization has begun.
EA holds 50% of the shares of CITELEC, a company that is the controlling shareholder of TRANSENER, which in turn holds 99.9% of the shares in TRANSBA (the remaining 0.1% is held by CITELEC).
TRANSENER is the extra-high voltage power transmission utility operating nationwide; TRANSBA, in turn, is the utility for trunk power transmission in the Province of Buenos Aires.
The sale of EA’s shares in CITELEC will be carried out through an international and national public bidding process, pursuant to Articles 17(2) and 18(2) of the State Reform Law No. 23,696, as amended.
The Ministry of Economy, with the involvement of the Special Temporary Executive Unit for the Transformation of State-Owned Companies (ATEP), will issue the necessary regulations to implement Decree 286.
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For further information, please contact Nicolás Eliaschev, Javier Constanzó, Federico Otero, Julián Razumny, Francisco Molina Portela, Camila Evangelista, Milagros Piñeiro, Macarena Becerra, Inés Espina Rawson, Victoria Barrueco, and/or Manuel Crespi.
Privatization of Hydropower facilities
On April 10, 2025, the Government of Argentina published Decree 263/2025 (“Decree 263”), which advances the sale process of the following companies: (i) Alicurá Hidroeléctrica Argentina S.A., (ii) Chocón Hidroeléctrica Argentina S.A., (iii) Cerros Colorados Hidroeléctrica Argentina S.A., (iv) Piedra Del Águila Hidroeléctrica Argentina S.A., (v) Cerros Colorados Hidroeléctrica Argentina S.A. and (vi) Piedra Del Águila Hidroeléctrica Argentina S.A. (the “Companies”). These Companies are currently owned by Energía Argentina S.A. (“EA”) (98%) and Nucleoeléctrica Argentina S.A. (“NASA”) (2%). Both EA and NASA have been subject to privatization pursuant to Article 7 and Annex I of Foundations Law.
Decree 263 establishes a period of fifteen (15) days since its publication to launch a National and International Public Bidding process for the sale of the controlling shareholding in the Companies (the “Call for Bids”), currently held by EA and NASA.
The Call for Bids will be carried out by both the Agency for the Transformation of State-Owned Companies (Agencia de Transformación de Empresas Públicas) and the Secretary of Energy.
Decree 263 builds upon Decrees 718/2024 and 895/2024, which had initiated the privatization process of the Companies.
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For additional information, please contact Nicolás Eliaschev, Javier Constanzó, Daiana Perrone, Milagros Piñeiro, Macarena Becerra, Victoria Barrueco and/or Manuel Crespi.
Approval of LNG Export Procedure
On April 4, 2025, the Secretary of Energy published Resolution 145/2025, which approved the Liquefied Natural Gas Export Procedure (the “Procedure” and “LNG,” respectively). This measure was implemented in the framework of article 2 of Annex II of Decree 1057/2024 (see our comments on the decree here), which established that the Secretary of Energy would regulate the applicable procedure for LNG exports.
1. LNG export notification
According to the Procedure, companies interested in exporting LNG must submit an application, providing information regarding projected availability, reserves and production capacity for at least five (5) years as of the submission, maximum export LNG volumes, proof of filing with the Large Investments Incentive Regime (“RIGI”, for its acronym in Spanish) -if applicable-, and technical feasibility of the project. The Liquid Fuels Undersecretary shall analyze the information and issued observations or request additional information within ten (10) business days as of the date of submission. The Secretary of Energy may issue observations on the application -within one hundred and twenty (120) business days-, based on insufficient natural gas availability for the country or inaccuracies in the filing. The applicant shall have thirty (30) business days to rectify its application and once the observations are resolved, the Secretary of Energy will issue the certificate of “LNG Free Export Authorization”.
2. LNG export authorization
This authorization shall indicate the term of the exports, the LNG volumes and the frequency of reports to be required by the authority. The authorized company shall report, no less than ninety (90) days prior the first export, the volumes and prices, the registration as a storage operator with the Natural Gas Storage Registry of the Republic of Argentina (“RAGNar”) and submit proof of authorization with the Customs Registry System.
LNG exports will be authorized on a firm basis -non-interruptible- for a period of thirty (30) years as of the commissioning date of the liquefaction plant (including expansions or later stages). Provided that the required availability is periodically confirmed, the exporter shall have the right to export LNG on a continuous basis, without interruptions, restrictions or reductions, and shall have access to production, transport, processing and storage of natural gas to carry out LNG exports.
3. Exporter's duties
LNG exporters must ensure ongoing gas availability and prove within six (6) months prior to the current availability accreditation expires, that they have sufficient gas to cover the following five (5) years. Exporters must also report any changes regarding the information submitted in the application.
4. Term and assignment of authorization
Lastly, according to the Procedure, the export authorization expires automatically on the date established therein, though it can be revoked for exporter’s non-compliance with its obligations. The export authorization may be transferred to another party with prior approval of the Liquid Fuels Undersecretary, provided the assignee meets all the requirements of the Procedure.
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For additional information, please contact Nicolás Eliaschev, Javier Constanzó, Milagros Piñeiro, Victoria Barrueco, or Manuel Crespi.
Open Call for BESS and power generation “AlmaGBA”
On February 17, 2025, the Secretary of Energy published Resolution 67/2025 (“Resolution 67”), initiating the national and international open tender “Almacenamiento AlmaGBA” (the “Call for Bids”).
The Call for Bids is designed to incorporate new Battery Energy Storage System (“BESS”) generation power plants within the concession areas of the distribution companies Edenor and Edesur. The goal is to achieve a combined capacity of 500 MW, with an execution period of 12 to 18 months.
Preferred bidders will enter into a power storage and generation agreement (the “Storage-Generation PPA”) with Edenor and Edesur, with CAMMESA acting as a last-resort guarantor.
While the full details of the Storage-Generation Agreement are yet to be released, the main aspects of the Call for Bids are outlined below:
1. Scope of the Call for Bids
The Call for Bids seeks to enhance the reliability and supply conditions, within the Buenos Aires metropolitan area and the Wholesale Electricity Market (“WEM”), focusing on specific connection nodes (“CNs”), which are specified in the Call for Bids.
Bidders selected under the Call for Bids will enter into a Storage-Generation PPA, committing to energy supply and power availability for a minimum of four (4) consecutive hours per full discharge cycle. The term of the Storage-Generation PPA will be 15 years.
2. Minimum and maximum power capacity per project
The power capacity for each bid must range from a minimum of 10 MW to a maximum capacity, determined by the lesser of 150 MW or the capacity assigned to each CNs.
3. Storage-Generation PPA
Under the Storage-Generation PPA, Edenor or Edesur will be the principal obligors, whereas CAMMESA will serve as a last-resort guarantor. Should a payment default occur for two or more periods, CAMMESA may be required to pay the outstanding amonuts in lieu of Edenor or Edesur, as applicable.
CAMMESA’s guarantee will be capped at a maximum of twelve (12) consecutive months, equivalent to the remuneration under the Storage-Generation PPA.
The full terms of the Storage-Generation PPA will be published no later than March 31, 2025.
4. Call for Bids Schedule
- Consultation period: February 19 - May 4, 2025.
- Publication of the Storage-Generation PPA: March 31, 2025.
- Publication of responses to consultations: February 24 - May 11, 2025.
- Bids Submission deadline: May 19, 2025.
- Award date: June 27, 2025.
- Storage-Generation PPA signing date: June 30, 2025.
5. Bidders and offers requirements
Among the various requirements set forth in the Call for Bids, bidders are required to provide a bank guarantee of US$10,000 per MW as a bid bond.
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For additional information, please contact Nicolás Eliaschev, Javier Constanzó, Daiana Perrone, Victoria Barrueco and/or Manuel Crespi.
Normalization of the Wholesale Electricity Market
On January 29, 2025, CAMMESA published on its website complementary information to Resolution 21/2025 of the Secretary of Energy (“SE”) (the “Resolution 21”) (Available comments on this regulation here).
Among the published documentation, there is a note sent by the SE to CAMMESA (the “SE Note”) outlining the need for gradual normalization to encourage investment and reliability of the Wholesale Electricity Market (“WEM”).
Attached to the SE Note are the Guidelines for the Normalization of the WEM and its Progressive Adaptation (the “Guidelines”) prepared by the SE, which detail the modifications in fuel management, demand in the WEM, determination of prices and operation of both the Corporate PPA Market (“MAT”) and the Spot Market.
Additionally, the SE enclosed a Technical Report on the WEM situation (the “Technical Report”). This Technical Report analyzes regulatory and operational aspects to meet regulatory objectives, focusing on system transparency and efficiency, decentralization of CAMMESA, energy prices, fuel management review, Spot Market and MAT mechanisms adaptation, and infrastructure planning.
Associations represented in CAMMESA have thirty (30) days from January 30, 2025, to provide non-binding opinions on these documents for the WEM normalization process. At the same time, CAMMESA will have forty-five (45) days to prepare: a) a detailed report with a dispatch and transactional management plan; b) an analysis of the impact of the measures on the supply and demand of the WEM, and c) a report on the considerations of the WEM Associations.
Finally, the SE announced the issuance of new regulations for the normalization of the WEM to be effective as of November 1, 2025, regardless of the possible anticipated measures to eliminate restrictions.
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For additional information, please contact Nicolás Eliaschev, Javier Constanzó, Daiana Perrone, Victoria Barrueco and/or Manuel Crespi.
Deregulation of Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicles Charging Activity
On January 29, 2025, the Secretary of Energy published Resolution 22/2025, abrogating Resolution 817/2023 (the “Resolution 817”).
Resolution 817 had created the National Registry of Charging Infrastructure for Electric Vehicles (“EV”) and Hybrid Electric Vehicles (“HEV”) and imposed the obligation to charge such vehicles exclusively at service stations.
In line with the state reorganization principles set forth in the Foundations Law the elimination of Resolution 817 deregulates the EV and HEV charging activity, allowing any establishment to provide such services.
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For additional information, please contact Nicolás Eliaschev, Javier Constanzó, Daiana Perrone, Victoria Barrueco, and/or Giuliana Manzolido.
New measures for the normalization of the Electricity Market
On January 28, 2025, the Secretary of Energy published Resolution 21/2025 (“Resolution 21”), which introduces the following key changes in the wholesale electricity market:
- Corporate PPA Market: Partially reinstates the Corporate PPA Market (“MAT”, or Mercado a Término) for thermal, hydroelectric and nuclear power plants with commercial date achieved after January 1st, 2025.
- Fuel management for Thermal Generators: As of March 1st, 2025, thermal generators operating in the Spot market (those without a PPA) will be allowed to manage their own fuel. The costs will be valued based on the reference price according to the variable production costs submitted, including transport and distribution costs, taxes and associated fees. CAMMESA will remain as the last-resort supplier, as well as the supplier of fuel for thermal generation PPAs.
- Phasing out the “Energy Plus” Regime: As of October 31st, 2025, the “Energy Plus” regime will be abrogated, although existing contracts will remain valid until their specified termination dates.
Resolution 21 is an initial but significant step in the National Government’s ongoing efforts to normalize the wholesale electricity market in a direction that fosters competition and private investment. As a result, additional and supplementary regulations are expected to be adopted in the short to medium term.
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For additional information, please contact Nicolás Eliaschev, Javier Constanzó, Daiana Perrone, Victoria Barrueco, or Manuel Crespi.